peer-to-peer

adjective

ˌpir-tə-ˈpir 

1

: relating to, using, or being a network by which computers operated by individuals can share information and resources directly without relying on a dedicated central server (see server sense 6)

In peer-to-peer computing, every client can be a server. You string together two or more computers, and everyone can share files, programs, drives …, printers, and anything else that's attached.

—Steve Bass

2

: existing or done between peers

In 2010, the Texas National Guard implemented its peer-to-peer counseling initiative, and since then more than 800 National Guard troops have been trained to identify warning signs of mental distress and refer soldiers for more intensive care.

—Jeremy Schwartz

George Washington's resident advisers are undergraduates who live in student housing so they can have informal, peer-to-peer mentoring relationships with other undergraduates, to whom they serve as role models.

—Peter Schmidt

Did you know?

The term peer-to-peer is a relatively recent addition to the English language, being little more than a half-century old. In its earliest known uses from the 1960s, it referred to something that occurs directly between human peers, people who are similar in age, grade, or status. It can still be found in this use in phrases such as "peer-to-peer tutoring." With the emergence of computer networking, peer-to-peer began to be used in reference to a system of computers that are able to communicate directly with one another without the mediation of a centralized server. Since the turn of the 21st century, peer-to-peer lending—the borrowing and lending of money through online services—has become increasingly common. You might also encounter peer-to-peer in the techy abbreviated form P2P, as in "P2P networking."

Examples of peer-to-peer in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

The first phase of AI build-out was largely peer-to-peer, but now bond investors and private credit lenders are providing two to three times the funding of public markets. —Jason Ma, Fortune, 26 Oct. 2025

Tight ends fiercely preserve their own history and the nuances of their position, preferring peer-to-peer coaching to more traditional coach/player dynamics. —Jourdan Rodrigue, New York Times, 25 Oct. 2025

Suspects and their co-conspirators were also involved in payments using a variety of platforms, including peer-to-peer payment transfers, bank wires and cash exchanges, the prosecutors alleged. —Dan Gallo, NBC news, 23 Oct. 2025

Floris Lugt, digital assets lead at ING and a representative of the initiative, told CNBC the stablecoin will provide efficient, programmable, peer-to-peer-based payment solutions for users globally. —Hugh Leask, CNBC, 25 Sep. 2025

Word History

First Known Use

1963, in the meaning defined at sense 2

Rhymes for peer-to-peer

• auctioneer
• bandelier
• belvedere
• bombardier
• brigadier
• buccaneer
• cavalier
• chandelier
• chanticleer
• chevalier
• commandeer
• disappear

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